"[21] Paine's former students and postdocs include Paul Dayton, Bruce Menge and Jane Lubchenco. [22], "Scientific families: Dynasty. Paine was an experimentalist, a theoretician, a practitioner, and proponent of the “ecology of place,” and a deep believer in the importance of natural history to ecological understanding. Robert Treat Paine (1773-1811). Robert Treat "Bob" Paine III (April 13, 1933 – June 13, 2016) was an American ecologist who spent most of his career at the University of Washington. His initial graduate work was in paleontology at the University of Michigan, but he became fascinated by ecology in courses led by ecologist Fred Smith, so ended up doing an ecological study of a modern-day brachiopod. This concept has found strong support across many ecosystems, and over the ensuing decades has focused attention of the role of humans in controlling diversity, abundance, and productivity (7). Robert Treat Paine III passed away June 13 in Seattle surrounded by family and friends. RTP’s gift was to take a simple field experiment on marine invertebrates and turn it into a broad lesson in ecological organization that struck a chord across almost all ecosystems. Keystone species have effects on communities or ecosystems that are much larger than their abundances would suggest. In addition to food web theory, these experiments focused on the role of disturbance and patch size on diversity, interaction strengths and their importance to community stability, the role of predation in controlling primary production, causes of zonation along physical gradients, and many more insights. Astronomers thought they’d finally figured out where gold and other heavy elements in the universe came from. RTP, as he was known, was an emeritus Professor at the University of Washington, where he developed a career that helped define the field of community ecology. He graduated from Wash U, School of Medicine medical school in 1981. [6][8] Upon graduating from the University of Michigan, Paine completed a one-year postdoctoral fellowship at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Dr. Robert Paine III, MD is a Pulmonologist in Salt Lake City, UT and has over 40 years of experience in the medical field. [1][A], In 2013, he was awarded the International Cosmos Prize, including a cash prize equivalent to about US$408,000. 1 for a more detailed synopsis). Born in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts, America on 28 October 1835 to Charles Cushing Paine and Fanny Cabot Jackson. [13] This led to his 1969 paper in which he proposed the keystone species concept. Some species could be removed without huge effect. Henry III, King of England is in the 18th generation of the family tree for Robert Treat Paine (Ahnentafel #259872). The Robert Treat Paine Papers. The dual themes of experimental ecology and process-oriented ecology were to be the hallmark of RTP’s subsequent academic contributions. The Papers of Robert Treat Paine book. [8][11], In a noteworthy[12] 1966 paper, Paine described a rocky intertidal ecosystem in Makah Bay in Washington state, where top predator species help maintain biodiversity. One of RTP’s gifts was to marry patterns of species abundance with the results of field manipulations, and discern ecological processes that transcended his focal taxa or community. RTP grew up in Boston as an avid naturalist and bird watcher, and attended Harvard. Indeed, RTP was chosen as the Chair—and performed exceptionally effectively—of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries’ Salmon Recovery Science Review Panel, as well as other committees assessing environmental impacts. Paine coined the keystone species[1][2][3] concept to explain the relationship between Pisaster ochraceus, a species of starfish, and Mytilus californianus, a species of mussel. Robert Treat Paine III passed away June 13 in Seattle surrounded by family and friends. 2. [14][15][16] This concept states that an ecosystem may experience a dramatic shift if a keystone species is removed, even though that species was a small part of the ecosystem by measures of biomass or productivity. Amanda Rodewald, Ivan Rudik, and Catherine Kling talk about the hazards of ozone pollution to birds. RTP, as he was known, was an emeritus Professor at the University of Washington, where he developed a career that helped define the field of community ecology. Vol. He was a lawyer that received the honorary degree Doctor of Laws from Harvard, he was a teacher and a merchant marine. Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, North Carolina 28516. Robert Treat "Bob" Paine III (April 13, 1933 – June 13, 2016) was an American ecologist.He spent most of his career at the University of Washington.. Paine created the keystone species idea to explain the relationship between Pisaster ochraceus, a species of starfish, and Mytilus californianus, a species of mussel. There, the work of starting, monitoring, and maintaining various intertidal experiments intersected with long conversations about natural history, community ecology, and the more prosaic business of camp housekeeping in the perpetual fog of the outer coast of Washington. When his church, The First Church of Boston, moved into Unitarianism, Paine followed that path. Robert Treat Paine III was one of the great ecologists of history, whose legacy through research and mentoring reshaped the discipline, and helped it evolve from descriptive natural history to an experimental and quantitative science. More Genealogy Tools Biographical Sketches of Those Who Attended Harvard College in the Classes 1746-1750 with Bibliographical and Other Notes. AU - Levin, Simon A. In this, RTP found a simple metric for predation by a large abundant species: By turning over purple sea stars, he could record the diets of hundreds of individuals. RTP worked intently with mathematicians to turn his intuition about ecological process into well-tested theory, but also returned the favor by helping them to savor the messy details of fieldwork. Paine married Sally Cobb, the daughter of Thomas and Lydia (née Leonard) Cobb and a sister of General David Cobb, on March 15, 1770. Paine would be elected to the Provincial Assembly. RTP bounded off his chair and raced into the bush toward the tape player, yelling “Chuck-will’s widow!”—proving both his complete command of bird watching detail and the value of a good, well-placed experiment. RTP, as he was known, was an emeritus Professor at the University of Washington, where he developed a career that helped define the field of community ecology. He is affiliated with University Of Utah Hospitals And Clinics. Researchers are still trying to understand what causes this strong correlation between neural and social networks. Acknowledgements . CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing can improve the effectiveness of spermatogonial stem cell transplantation in mice and livestock, a study finds. Robert Treat Paine III (1933-2016) June 2017; Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114(27) DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1706692114. [5][11] [7] After graduating from Harvard University in 1954, he served in the U.S. Army, where he was the battalion gardener. It has become a very popular concept in conservation biology. Paine was born in Boston, Massachusetts, a descendant of Gov. After a postdoctorate at The Scripps Research Institute in San Diego, California, he took a faculty position at the University of Washington, where he began working on the complex invertebrate communities of the highly productive and species-rich northeastern Pacific intertidal zone. Almost two decades later, he prosecuted the Shays’s Rebellion treason trials (1786-1787). The Papers of Robert Treat Paine is a selected edition of documents primarily from the Robert Treat Paine collection at the Massachusetts Historical Society. Robert Treat Paine (March 11, 1731 – May 11, 1814) is an American Founding Father. Paine ancestry : the family of Robert Treat Paine, signer of the Declaration of Independence, including maternal lines [database on-line]. is an experienced Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine physician who has been board certified in Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Medicine an Jump to main navigation Jump to content [1] Paine and his work are featured prominently in the 2018 documentary film The Serengeti Rules. Paine, Robert Treat. Robert Treat Paine was a Congregationalist and a devout Christian. Another enduring dimension of his legacy was his mentoring and inspiration of several generations of graduate students and postdocorates in the adventure of working out the complex wiring of species interactions, all within the wild dynamics of natural ecosystems. ↑ P. 27 Paine Ancestry: The Family of Robert Treat Paine, Signer of the Declaration of Independence. [20], Paine's research—and the subsequent work of his students—has been very influential in the field of ecology,[1] and he has been called a "giant" of the field. Robert Paine III, M.D. Robert Treat Paine III was born in Cambridge, Mass., on April 13, 1933. Early adopters of RTP’s 1966 paper on the control of diversity by predators (3) included famous papers from 1966 and 1967 on species diversity gradients (4) and the limits of similarity between species (5). Robert T. Paine, who passed away on 13 June 2016, is among the most influential people in the history of ecology. Image courtesy of Robert Steneck (University of Maine, Orono, ME). (#24650) Sometimes students learned the experimental method too well, as when a group of us (who hardly knew one bird from another) decided to conduct an experiment on whether RTP could indeed identify birds only by their songs, as he boisterously claimed. Throughout his career, RTP emphasized the importance of his work to basic ecology; but he was equally concerned with the impact of humans on biodiversity, and contributed substantially to preserving the planet’s resources through service to the Ecological Society of America, the National Academy of Sciences, and government agencies. He has left many strong interactions behind, and a cascade of admiration for his contributions to our science and our lives. AU - Lubchenco, Jane In light of recent results, they’re not so sure. Robert Treat Paine, III..Birth: Dec. 15, 1900 Boston Suffolk County Massachusetts, USA Death: Jul. As a result, the concept of keystone species is one of the simplest, yet most fundamental, in community ecology. The authors declare no conflict of interest. This person was created on 10 February 2011 through the import of James_s Complete Family Tree.ged. [U.S.]—died May 11, 1814, Boston), American politician, jurist, member of the Continental Congress (1774–78), and signer of the Declaration of Independence.. Paine graduated from Harvard in 1749 and, after trying teaching and the ministry, turned to the study of law and was admitted to the Massachusetts bar in 1757. RTP established a long-term research site at Tatoosh Island in Washington, in collaboration with the local Makah Native Americans. [1][5] As late as 2013, aged 79, Paine continued to make regular visits to Tatoosh Island for research purposes. III. "Richard Treat" (or Trott) (1584 - 1669) "Samuel Treat" who was an early New England settler and a Patentee of the Royal Charter of Connecticut, 1662. Hunt and Lee, comps. 12, 1730 or 1731, in Boston; died May 11, 1814, age 84, and is buried in the Granary Burial Grounds, Boston, MA, son of RICHARD and ALICE TREAT of Milford, CT. Bob Paine fathered an idea — and an academic family — that changed ecology", "Scientists Adopt Tiny Island as a Warming Bellwether", Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, "Diverse Introspectives: A conversation with Bob Paine", "The Life History and Population Dynamics of, "Bob Paine, 83, ecologist whose work identified keystone species", "Retired UW prof wins $408,000 for groundbreaking ecology work", "Bob Paine, ecologist who introduced 'keystone species,' dies", "RIP Bob Paine, A Keystone Among Ecologists", "Ecological Determinism in the Competition for Space: The Robert H. MacArthur Award Lecture", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_T._Paine_(zoologist)&oldid=994134770, Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences, Fellows of the Ecological Society of America, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Botanist identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, President, Ecological Society of America, 1979–1980, This page was last edited on 14 December 2020, at 06:45. Provo, UT: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005. Ever an avid naturalist who paid close attention to the specifics of a bird song or a starfish’s diet, RTP’s best-known contributions were the concepts of keystone species and trophic cascades. Robert Treat Paine was a delegate to the provincial convention which discussed the Quartering Act (housing British troops in American homes), and other complaints regarding the current provincial government. This led to a simple question about the impact of predation on intertidal communities, which RTP studied by experimentally manipulating densities of purple sea stars along rocky shores. [8] Paine later entered graduate school at the University of Michigan, intending to study paleontology. He served as the state’s first attorney general, and served as an associate justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, the state’s highest court. Robert Treat Paine III (1933–2016), An Outsized American Naturalist Brian R. Silliman,1 Peter Kareiva,2 and Catherine A. Pfister3 1. ROBERT TREAT PAINE (1730-1814) MA By Joyce Page-Van Houdt May 25, 2002 at 05:10:47. Edited by Edward W. Hanson (Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society, 2005) Shipton, Clifford K. Sibley’s Harvard Graduates. 102763947, citing Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, USA ; Maintained by Find A Grave … [9] In 1962, Paine joined the University of Washington, where he spent the rest of his career and became well known for his work. Descendants. RTP maintained his devotion to his daughters and his gardens and his friends and always assumed that everyone and everything would be a delicate tangle of interactions and effects. Copyright © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. In a short note published early in 1969, RTP coined a term that has since become intrinsic to the lexicon of ecology (2). This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. A British cartoonist pictures America as an Indian woman having the Intolerable Acts forced down her throat. Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on PNAS. Robert Treat Paine was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America who signed the Declaration of Independence on behalf of Massachusetts. He passed away on 11 August 1910 in Waltham, Middlesex, Massachusetts, America. In 1770 Robert Treat Paine (RTP, 1731-1814) stood as counsel for the prosecution in the Boston Massacre trials. [17] Paine also coined the term "trophic cascade" to describe the top-down effects that occur in ecosystems when an important species is introduced or removed. wrote the paper. But along the way he used his gift for conducting experiments in remote field settings to train, inspire, and befriend a Who’s Who of community ecologists: graduate students, undergraduates, postdoctorates, collaborators, and artists. The Papers of Robert Treat Paine. Author contributions: S.R.P., J.A.E., P.K., S.A.L., J.L., and M.E.P. Robert T. Paine (Bob) passed away on 13 June 2016 with his three daughters gathered around him, only two months after being diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia. The wilderness location without power or running water was nevertheless RTP’s home nearly every low tide all summer for decades. [18] In 2000, he founded the Experimental and Field Ecology Fund to support graduate student research;[7] the fund was renamed the Robert T. Paine Experimental & Field Ecology Endowed Fund to mark Paine's 80th birthday. [8], Paine's doctoral research thesis was on the ecology of living brachipods. Again, some species were dramatically more important than others in maintaining ecosystem stability. Trophic cascades are the many changes in species diversity or abundance that ensue when a consumer is removed from an ecosystem (see ref. TY - JOUR. The fundamental changes in communities without stars focused RTP on the role of predators controlling community composition. Covering his public and private lives, the published Papers draws together correspondence to and from Paine beginning with his days at Harvard. Here, RTP focused on the stability of ecosystems with hundreds of species or more, after perturbation of one or a few top predators or grazers. This university on the rocks produced a steady stream of papers, doctorates, inspiration, and an academic genealogy that spans ecology, evolution, invertebrate biology, mathematical biology, and environmental biology. Ancestor charts showing the family relationships of Robert Treat Paine (1730/31–1814) to other famous people. A patriotic judge and politician, Paine was raised by highly religious and respectable parents who imbibed in their children a high regard for moral values and principles. Church of Boston, Massachusetts, a descendant of Gov of ecological interaction in the sea of species other. ] Ed Yong wrote that `` by encouraging Independence and prizing fieldwork, Paine former! 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