Minutemen are also featured in 2010 strategic video game Civilization V by Firaxis. Jonas Clarke in Lexington. He was also in Capt. Many simply wore their own farmers' or workmen's clothes and, in some cases, they wore cloth hunting frocks. The first British attack on Bunker Hill. Colonial leaders were experts inpublic relationsand knew that they needed to control the narrative of the events in Lexington and Concord if they were to succeed in arevolution. The 1925 Lexington-Concord Sesquicentennial half dollar features a sculptural portrayal. He served as Continental Army as surgeon in Colonel Thomas Nixons6th Massachusetts regiment. For example, Captain Isaac Davis who was a gunsmith in his civilian occupation built a firing range on his farm to train his men in firing and drill. Francis house is now managed by theFrancis Wyman Association, but all thats left of his brothers is the cellar hole. Prescott and his men, using Gridleys outline, began digging a square fortification about 130 feet on a side with ditches and earthen walls. The athletic teams of the University of Massachusetts-Amherst are nicknamed the Minutemen and Minutewomen. The militia were outnumbered and fell back, and the regulars proceeded on to Concord, where they searched for the supplies. [citation needed], In 1770, Samuel Adams had begun agitating for a reform and update of the militia in the provincial legislature. They regularly trained, and some were paid. Samuel Tiffany Jr, Attleborough, was a private in Capt. After a brief skirmish, the Marines were forced to return to their ship, which then took the militiamen under fire from its ships guns. 19 Apr 1775 Joseph was a Sergeant in Capt. Just prior to the action, further reinforcements arrived, including portions of Massachusetts regiments of Colonels Brewer,Nixon,Woodbridge,Little, and Major Moore, as well as Callenders company of artillery. The orderly sergeant of the Lexington minutemen and proprietor of Lexingtons Munroe Tavern, William Munroe, led the group from Lexington along the road to Woburns second parish (Burlington). Richard was elected captain of the new company and his commission confirmed by the Continental Congress. Peter Salem of Framingham, Job Potomea and Isaiah Barjonah of Stoneham, Cuff Whitemore of Cambridge, Prince of Brookline, and Pompey of Braintree were among the Blacks in greater Boston who joined the Minutemen before the battle of Lexington, April 19, 1775. William Prescott (1726 1795) was an American colonel in the Revolutionary War who commanded the rebel forces in the Battle of Bunker Hill. ; age, 25 yrs. In May, 1778, a rate of one hundred and twenty pounds was assessed to defray the charges of clothing for the Topsfield soldiers in the continental army. Ichabod Wades (Light Infantry) co., Col. George Williamss regt. Sgt Elihu MINER Jr.(1745 East Haddam, CT 1821 East Haddam, CT), Elihu enlisted 12 May 1775, 1st Company, Col Joseph Spencers 2nd Connecticut Provincial Regiment, Yellow Springs Revolutionary War Hospital, Edward HAZEN Jr.sgrandson David Hazen (1751 Groton 1826 Groton), Enlisted as a private, 25 April 1775, in Col. Asa Lawrences Co., Col. William Prescotts Regiment, serving three months, eight days. Hambrick-Stowe, Charles E. and Smerlas, Donna D. (1976). I was surprised to find the phrase marched on the alarm April 19, 1775 in so many of our ancestors stories. This instigated a boycott in 1774 of British goods. 12) co., Col. Daggetts regiment. The Lexington and Concord collection contains 20 depositions given by eyewitnesses of the skirmishes at Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775. The alarm spread quickly to the surrounding countryside, and by late morning the two Pepperell minuteman companies were marching toward Concord, some fifteen miles away. ; return of men in service from Dec. 14, 1776, to March 1, 1777; reported discharged Jan. 27, 1777. But if they mean to have a war let it begin here." Captain Parker Like many historical events, the fighting that occurred on Lexington Common in 1775 would be shrouded in its share of myths. Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. During theFrench and Indian WarColonelMeserve led theNew Hampshire Provincial Regimentin 1756 toFort EdwardNew York. Capt. 18 April 1775 Adams and Hancock had fled Boston and were staying at the homeof one of Hancocks relatives in Lexington where they thought they would be safe from the immediate threat of arrest. Prescotts men continued their digging in spite of this bombardment, suffering several casualties, including Lieutenant Joseph Spaulding of Asa Lawrences company, who was decapitated by a cannon ball as he stood next to Colonel William Prescott. Thereafter, until the end of 1776, Read served as colonel in command of several regiments of theMassachusetts Line. Regiment detatched from militia of Suffolk and Essex counties to reinforce amry under Gen. Washington. 18 Mar 1777 Joseph was Lieutenant in Capt Caleb Kimballs company, Col. Gerriahs regiment receiving wages for 4 mos. Nearly 130 colonial militiamen and Regulars were killed on April 19, 1775. Dr. Isaac Spofford studied medicine in Haverhill under Dr. Brickett. (LogOut/ James Hillss co., Col. Carpenters regt. A British lieutenant rode ahead of his ranks, waving his sword in the air and shouting to the patriots, Lay down your arms, you damned rebels, or you are all dead men!. Reuben Dow (1729 Salem NH 1811 Hollis, NH). Jacob in a distance of more than 200-miles brought him home to Groton, MA on a litter (made by fitting the butt end of small trees to the stirrups of a saddle and covered with a sack of hay). In 1777 he was first lieutenant in Capt Joseph Entons company, Colonel Samuel Johnsons regiment Aug 5 1777 to Dec 12 1777. Daniel Emerson, Col. Moses, Nichols, mustered out Aug 1778 and we know of no other Oliver. The frequent mustering of the minute companies also built unit cohesion and familiarity with live firing, which increased the minute companies' effectiveness. Gross, R. (1976). The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Their teams constituted about a quarter of the entire militia. Thomas commanded this company in theBattle of Benningtonand was wounded there. George Washington saw the Continental Army as the best way to mold a new nation. John Marrett, John Hancock, Cuff Trot, Samuel Adams, and Hancocks fiance, Dorothy Quincy. (See Dudley Tylers section below for the story of this regiment)Isaac was included on a list of surgeons to whom warrants were issued Jun 28, 1775 and was commissioned Jul 5, 1775 by the Massachusetts Prov. In the course of the war, 59 infantry regiments were assigned to the Massachusetts Line. The royal authorities in Boston had seen these increasing numbers of militia appearing and thought that the militia would not interfere if they sent a sizable force to Concord to seize munitions and stores there (which they considered the King's property, since it was paid for to defend the colonies from the American Indian threat). Abel Thayers co., which marched April 21, 1775, in response to the alarm of April 19, 1775; service, 7 days; reported enlisted into the army April 28, 1775;also, Capt. Stephen Richardsons Attleboro co. of Minute-men, which marched on the alarm of April 19, 1775; service, 6 days; reported enlisted into the army May 15, 1775. After a short period practicing medicine in Topsfield, he removed to Beverly. In the spring of1756two New Hampshire battalions were raised with Col.Nathaniel Meservein command. John was was shot in the head at the Battle of Fort Ann near Saratoga and died instantly. Next he was an ensign in Capt. Thomas COLEMANsgrandsonLt.Dudley Tyler (1739 Rowley . By serving together underarms in a professional army, Washington believed the veterans of the Continental Army would serve as a nucleus of the new united republic. Three ofStephen DOW IIsgrandsons were at Lexington. New Hampshire and Massachusetts. The works on Breeds Hill did not go unnoticed by the British. Biographies of Minute Men on the Lexington Green, April 19, 1775 There were 80 men who answered the call of William Diamond's drum on the morning of April 19, 1775. More men were lost from Groton than from any other town, a total of twelve, including six of Asas men who were killed outright and a number of others wounded. Captain; Mr.Samuel Cummings, Lieutenant; Mr.Thomas Moore, Ensign; and all the other Officers by a great Majority. [5] Some towns in Massachusetts had a long history of designating a portion of their militia as minutemen, with "minute companies" constituting special units within the militia system whose members underwent additional training and held themselves ready to turn out rapidly for emergencies, "at a minute's notice" and hence their name. Richardsons co. of No. Seth Richardson and his father-in-law Thomas French were on a Secret Mission in 1777 Source: A sketch of the history of Attleborough: from its settlement to the division By John Daggett 1894, I havent been able to unravel much about this secret expedition except thecompany marched from Taunton Sept. 29, 1777, Thomas FRENCH Jr (1722 Attleboro 1793 Attleboro). He filed for pension, S-36135, 14 Apr 1818 in Middlesex Co, CT. It was on the farm of David Brown,just west of the North Bridge that mixed companies of militia and minutemen gathered under arms and orders to confront British Regulars at the North Bridge. The Minutemen were aware of this as well. Through effective intelligence gathering,Patriotcolonials had received word weeks before the expedition that their supplies might be at risk and had moved most of them to other locations. Moses Knapps company, Col. Joseph Reads regiment; company return dated Roxbury, Sept. 25, 1775; also, order for bounty coat dated Camp at Roxbury, Nov. 21, 1775; also, Corporal, Capt. Daniel Deweys company Col. Obidiah Hosfords 12th Regiment of Connecticut State Militia marched to East Chester New York in Sep 1776. He, with the others from Shirley reached Acton about eleven oclock where they heard of the fight at Concord and of the retreat; but they concluded to march on, and pursued the enemy to Cambridge. At around 7 a.m. on April 19th word came to the town that 700 British Regulars were marching toward Lexington and Concord, presumably to seize a cache of weapons and ammunition stockpiled by the colonials. Joshua marched for the relief of Boston in the Lexington Alarm, April 1775 and was on the roll of Captain Eliphalet Holmes Company of Minute-Men which was raised in May 1776. Among otherthings, it was enjoined on the representative, that if the Continental Congress should declare the country independent of GreatBritain, he should, in behalf of the town, sustain and defend themin so doing. This FREE annual event brings together educators from all over the world for sessions, lectures, and tours from leading experts. Nehemiah was one of the troopers who signed the following document Source:Ipswich in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, by Thomas Franklin Waters, Sarah Goodhue and John Wise. The British had to march through Lexington in order to get toConcordand take the military artillery. They were an evolution from the prior colonial rapid-response units. Library of Congress Though most minutemen companies were formed in New England states, some similar groups popped up in other colonies. The Battle of Fort Anne, fought on July 8, 1777, was an engagement between Continental Army forces in retreat from Fort Ticonderoga and forward elements of John Burgoynes much larger British army that had driven them from Ticonderoga, early in the Saratoga campaign of the American Revolutionary War. Baloom,Elijah.Private, Capt. In the fighting in this stretch, nearly 25 colonists and 40 British regulars were killed, half the days death count. Roll sworn to at Attleborough. War.; He was a minute man in Rehoboth who enlisted after hearing the news from Lexington and Concord. Paul Reveres job, along with William Dawes, was to warn certain predetermined men so that the patriot militia could prepare for the British troops marching to Concord. John Bakers co., Col. Moses Littles (17th) regt. The militia in New England was still midway through the process of splitting the Minutemen companies from the regular militia companies into their own regiments by the spring of 1775. At theNorth Bridgein Concord, approximately 500 militiamen fought and defeated three companies of the Kings troops. Although historians criticize the work as being historically inaccurate, Longfellow understood the history and manipulated it for poetic effect.[24]. [2], The minutemen were among the first to fight in the American Revolution. Nathaniel PEASEssonWilliam Pease (1741 Enfield, CT 1787New Hartford, CT). He was engaged as a teamster in the Revolutionary War under the direction ofCommissaryGeneral Jeremiah Wadsworth. Fact #7: The bloodiest stretch of Battle Road was in Menotomy. This brought many more citizens to Samuel Adams's side, and he pressed the Committees of Correspondence to hold County Conventions to revamp the militia. ; muster roll dated Aug. 1, 1775; enlisted May 11 (also given May 2), 1775; service, 2 mos. Hutchinson, the Royal Governor, had ignored him, but as tensions mounted, that tactic became less effective. The family then consisted of five children, the eldest not ten years and the youngest less than two months. The British leadership was slow to act once the works on Breeds Hill were spotted. ; service, 21 days; company stationed at Tiverton Oct. 7, 1777. John Marrett, led Hancock and Adams to the Amos Wyman house, just over the Burlingon-Billerica border. Next year he was elected captain of the Salem, NH company organized by his father Richard Dow Sr. and was attached to Col. Nathan Hales regiment. The British were rapidly outnumbered at Concord, with the arrival of the slower moving militia; they had not counted on a long fight, and so had not brought additional ammunition beyond the standard issue in the soldiers' cartridge boxes. The battle was really a brief skirmish. The Majority of our funds go directly to Preservation and Education. But, really, Cuff Trot was a slave.not a paid servantcall a spade a spade and a slave a slave ! There are many opinions that have been put out about what exactly that statement was referring to at the time. She was General Gages wife and supported the patriots work more than she did her husbands. The militia and minuteman companies still were organized by town and trained typically as an entire unit in each town two to four times a year with the Minutemen receiving extra training. The Lexington Minuteman is a life-size bronze figure of a colonial farmer with musket by Boston sculptor Henry H. Kitson. They were the first armed militia to arrive at or await a battle. CPT Isaac Davis (Killed) CPT John Hayward (Succeeding) LT John Heald SGT William Macksfield SGT Oliver Emerson Concord, Ma. Later in the war at battles such as Bennington, Vermont, Kings Mountain, Cowpens, both in South Carolina and Guilford Courthouse, in North Carolina, the militia was crucial to American victories. The4th Massachusetts Bay Provincial Regimentwas commanded by Colonel Theophilus Cotton, ofPlymouth,who served as colonel until the end of the year. Elijah PerryRehoboth.Private, Capt. Rev. Like the militia organization itself, training day had a large administrative mission. Marker in Lexington Reed Jr. Nathan Reed John Robbins Philip Russell Benjamin Sampson Joshua Simonds John Smith Phineas Smith Simeon Snow Phineas Stearns Jonas Stone Jr. John Tidd Samuel Tidd Joseph Underwood Benjamin Wellington Enoch Wellington John Winship Sylbanus Wood James Wyman Nathaniel Wyman The bullet, which was extracted, is still preserved; but the effects of the wound are said to have eventually caused or hastened his demise. Not only did the Minutemen have political awareness of events in New England, but also of those occurring in Europe, such as Britain's lack of allies. They believed thatGeneral Gage and the British military were the aggressors and agitators and knew it would be important to portray them as suchas they attempted to gain other colonial support within North America. The Death of General Warren at the Battle of Bunker Hill by John Trumbull Rather than exercising his rank, Warren served in the battle as a private soldier. Though it is uncertain who actually fired the first shot that day, it reverberated throughout history. Ralph Waldo Emerson first used the term in his Concord Hymn in 1837 , By the rude bridge that arched the floodTheir flag to Aprils breeze unfurledHere once the embattled farmers stoodAnd fired the shot heard round the world. Gage tried to seat his own court in Worcester, but the townspeople blocked the court from sitting. There were 77 militiamen at Lexington, 400 at Concord and 3,800 at the end of Battle. Do not fire unless you are fired upon, but if they mean war, let it begin here, he encouraged his men. During the French and Indian Wars, the counties in the New England colonies had provided provincial regiments to the armies of the Crown. The British lost 226 killed and 828 wounded for a total of 1,054 or nearly fifty percent of the 2,300 British soldiers engaged. He was in the Battle of Bunker Hill. In the colony of Massachusetts Bay, all able-bodied men between the ages of 16 and 60 were required to participate in their local militia company. At that point, an unknown shot came from someone in the ranks or hiding behind the walls and trees. As the war progressed, both sides spent a lot less time getting testimonies from those involved in battles. The most prevalent stories around Lexington and Concord is that of the Minutemen. If one visits Lexington and Concord today they will not only come across monuments to the Minutemen but also the National Park that commemorates the actions of April 19, 1775, is called Minute Man National Historical Park. [20] The Indian Wars, and especially the recent French and Indian War, had given colonials valuable experience in irregular warfare and skirmishing, while British line companies (light infantry and grenadier companies were called flank companies and trained in skirmishing) troops were less familiar with this. 19 Apr 1775 Wing, David, Sandwich. [further explanation needed]. He was a lieutenant colonel at thebattles of Lexington and Concordon April 19 1775. They were generally younger, more mobile, and provided with weapons and arms by the local governments. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Tracing each branch back to their arrival in America. I think you have the wrong house. On April 19, 1775 thousands of militia units responded to the alarm in Lexington and Concord from across New England. Edward HAZEN IIsgrandson-in-law Jacob Patch ( 1747 Groton. 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