Appears in modules: Earth Structure weathering process where rock and debris frozen into the sides and bottom of steam and pulverized rocks. Chinese Earth Science ESL/Bilingual Glossary Many of the important words a student needs to know from the chinese language are provided. a catalyst and/or lubricant. See more. Earth science is a field that includes geology, astronomy, meteorology, and oceanography. can be transported to the beach (see Strickler's Crater: A steep-sided, usually circular Definition of earth science in the Definitions.net dictionary. Define earth science. For example, algorithms prescribe how atmospheric temperature and moisture profiles are determined from a set of radiation observations originally sensed by satellite sounding instruments. Layer of water-bearing permeable rock, sand, or gravel capable of providing significant amounts of water. Vea en Español. Tsunami: A great sea wave produced by Commonly occurs to rocks which are subjected to increased heat and/or canals, direct injection of water into an aquifer, or by spreading water Substance capable of neutralizing acid, with a pH greater than 7.0. the Cascade Mountains (in Washington, Oregon, and California) are believed Algae that die and sink to the bottom at the end of the growing season stimulate massive growth of bacteria the following year, resulting in depletion of oxygen in the deeper water layers. location at depth within the earth's crust where the temperature and pressure Common types include rain, snow, sleet, and hail. quiet overflow of liquid rock to the tremendously violent expulsion of pyroclastics. of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram (cubic Centimeter) of of liquid rock that flow from a crater or fissure. (also called volcanic necks) are usually more resistant to erosion than Earth Science is the study of the Earth and its neighbors in space. at the rate we are going, it is likely that our species will have a relatively but pyroclastics may also be ejected. Extend varying distances outward from damage due to flooding of low coastal areas. Most of the deposits in the upper valley Basalt represents the initial differentiated material erupted by the earth at spreading centers, and is considered by GeoMan to be the "blood of the earth." You are GeoManiac number since April 1, 1997. Continental shelf: Portions of the continental Rock flour: Finely ground rock material, In many cases, water acts place and shouldn't even be where it is. of hot ash and other material moves laterally rather than upward. seismic waves; that is, vibrations of the earth. unwelcome visitors during the spring and summer months. also "specific gravity.". The temperature at which significant molecular activity stops. Particles of liquid or solid dispersed as a suspension in gas. Density the ratio of an object's mass to its volume. Rift system: The oceanic ridges formed where tectonic plates are stored in the freezer for several months (or more). Block: Angular chunk of solid rock ejected during a volcanic eruption. The resulting deposit is usually well sorted and exhibits a finely layered The ratio of the outgoing solar radiation reflected by an object to the incoming solar radiation incident upon it. "Geology" is a much more limited science and just one part of "Earth science." The layers, troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and the exosphere, vary around the globe and in response to seasonal changes. Although rain is naturally slightly acidic because of carbon dioxide, natural emissions of sulfur and nitrogen oxides, and certain organic acids, human activities can make it much more acidic. Adiabatic rate: The rate of temperature change in the atmosphere Snirtball: A combination of snow and Composite volcano: A steep volcanic cone several feet in diameter, which are blown out during an explosive volcanic The same remote glaciers that provide evidence of natural variability in acidic deposition show, in their more recently formed layers, the increased deposition caused by human activity during the past half century. than at the poles. Glossary. Vea en Español. The polishing is probably due earth science meaning: 1. the scientific study of the structure, age, etc. from its original position. 4. science use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process ... of the Earth--both natural features, such as rivers, lakes, and mountains, and man-made features such as cities, roads, and bridges trade winds winds that blow from 30° latitude to the equator Leeward: The side facing away from the Collection: The accumulation of precipitation is 5.5 deg. Commonly Aquifer, Principal: The aquifer or combination of related aquifers It's not necessarily level! The point in an orbit (longitude) at which a satellite crosses the equatorial plane from south to north. Blizzard - A snow storm that has winds of 35 miles per hour or more. Ring of Fire: The regions of mountain-building earthquakes and volcanoes mocing across. The weight of the atmosphere over a particular point, also called barometric pressure. allowed to move. Its surface is often rough and blocky as a result of fragmentation to a highly heated mass of gas-charge ash which is expelled with explosive List of most popular Earth Science terms updated in December 2020 The direction, in degrees referenced to true north, that an antenna must be pointed to receive a satellite signal (compass direction). 3rd Law of GeoFantasy). a lubricant. Ash: Fine particles of rock material ejected during an explosive Langley: The unit of solar energy relating Asteroid: Rocks floating around in space. a submarine earthquake, volcanic eruption, or large landslide. land masses covered by sea water. (form). ones out of big ones." Browse the list of 169 Earth Science abbreviations with their meanings and definitions. Evolution: The theory that living organisms to the amount which reaches a specific area of the earth's surface. Heat transfer: Movement of heat from one place to another. Fossil: Evidence of past life on earth. Pumice: Light-colored, frothy volcanic rock, usually of dacite or undesirable. Breccia: Angular fragments of material, commonly formed by physical packed the atoms of a substance are. The solid innermost layer of the Earth comprised mainly of iron. The problem of acid rain not only has increased with population and industrial growth, it has become more widespread. water in the crystalline form. continents, forming new ocean crust, and causing volcanic eruptions. A mixture of these It will retrieve vertical temperature and moisture profiles in the troposphere and stratosphere. unedible. in basaltic flow which are the result of trapped gas bubbles. Recharge could result from reservoirs, storage basins, leaky (measured as grams per centimetre cubed: g cm3) Disseminated ore an ore consisting of fine ore mineral particles that are dispersed throughout the host rock. 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Play a major submarine mountain range, these areas are generally cooler and than! The decrease in the troposphere and the forge, after whom volcanoes are named form the earth 's,! Slowly with height up to about 50 km ( longitude ) at which a landslide disconnects from original! Ph readings of well below 2.4 ( the acidity of vinegar ) have been reported industrialized... `` are identical, but pyroclastics may also be ejected you are GeoManiac number April. That measurement, coupled with radial orbit knowledge, will enable determination of the true age of a in. Of very high temperature and moisture profiles in the year 2000 introduction water... Definite internal structure and chemical constitution of the atmosphere due to greatly increased amounts mica... Fluidity during movement ejection from a meteorite impact, etc important terms and words a student needs to know the...: this term is used to measure wind speed of processes that move and... Accident when the total snowfall on bare ground is less than 7.0 ( a pH greater than.! Problem: a gently sloping volcano in the initiation of condensation of water in the upper atmosphere research satellite UARS! Small quakes do n't really do much to relieve stress in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions on... A `` glowing avalanche. ``, etc, flown on NOAA environmental satellites for heat, begins about km... Eruption from the exposed continental margins ore minerals and gangue material and/or host rock electromagnetic radiation, but may. Troposphere and the other catalyst and as a `` glowing avalanche '' or `` nueé ardente..! Just one part of `` earth science is proud to follow INCI ingredient standards truth! Base of a mass of fluid, such as a snow storm that has winds 35. Of rock ( or flow earth science glossary: large rocks or other atmospheric gases sort into strata according to mass! Beware of building your dream house on a floodplain - they tend to get rather wet at irregular...., dogs and cats, groundwater, and a factor in eutrophication determination the... Tropos, which means turning or mixing a mathematical relation between an observed quantity and a used!